Zuri+Marley

November 16, 2010 Search For Spices


 * __What key ideas and developments from the Renaissance affected European exploration ? __

Finding new riches New trade routes Spread the word of god 2. **Portugal Leads**
 * 1) **Reasons To Explore**

__OBJECTIVES__
 * 1) To understand European Motivation for exploring seas.
 * 2) Analyze Early Portuguese and Spanish Explorations.
 * 3) Describe European searches for a direct route to Asia

Motivation: Finding new riches New trade routes Spread the word of god Get to asia

Early Portuguese and Spanish Explorations:

Direct Route To Asia:

__ACTIVITY__ Oil plays a large role in everyday life, this why the countries that possess it have created a powerful cartel called OPEC. The countries that are a part of OPEC export the most oil in the world. These countries include: [|Algeria], [|Angola], [|Ecuador], [|Iran], [|Iraq], [|Kuwait], [|Libya], [|Nigeria], [|Qatar], [|Saudi Arabia], the [|United Arab Emirates], and [|Venezuela]. These countries are net exporters of oil (Not net importers hence the withdrawal of Indonesia in 2008).

//The Crusades introduced the Europeans to the luxury goods from Asia.// //The Europeans then traded with the Asians taking complex routes through the Mongol Empire// //Spices used to preserve food, add flavor to meat and make medicines.// //The Arabs + Italians controlled the trade between Asia and Europe// //Prince Henry believed that the Portuguese could convert the Africans from Islam to Christianity.// //That way it would be easier to find the riches the Muslim traders had controlled.// //The Portuguese crew was now run by a navigator named Vasco de Gama who led the ships around the Cape of Good Hope.// //Reached a port in India called Calicut// //Created a vast trade empire called World Power// //News of Portugal's success spread and everyone began to look for a sea route to Asia// //Christopher Columbus knew that the world was a sphere, he was intelligent.// //The Portuguese would not help him and so he got assistance from the// //The Pope set a Line of Demarcation which divided the non- European world into two zones.// //The west belonged to Spain, east for Portugal// //Direct route to asia had not been found// //Ferdinand found the South Sea Pacific Ocean.// //Ferdinand circumnavigation was cut short because he died, but the survivors made it back to spain.//

__OBJECTIVES__
 * 1) Describe how portuguese established footholds on africas costs.
 * 2) Analyze how european actions affected the slave trade and the rise of african states.
 * 3) Understand how the European presence in Africa expanded.

Portugal Gains Footholds West africa began building small forts and traiding posts. Sailed around the continent establishing more forts. Trading posts: Congo, Zambia, Zimbabwe Portuguese didnt know much about the inlands of africa nor did they have maps or resources. Therfore portuguese did not leave a longlasting legacy in africa.

The african slave trade explodes Slavery had existed, but europeans (1500s -16) viewed slaves as the most important access of trade.

Portuguese and other european traders brought back slaves to work on plantation. Slave trade = cheap labor

African leaders resist A lot of african leaders wanted to slow down or stop the slave trade (unsuccessful) Afonso tried to end slave trade and keep contact with europe (unsuccessful)

New africans states arrive. The slaves highly impact 1600s - 17 women and men were lost, so some states we lost, until the life began to surround the slave trade.

Asante Kingdom (present day ghana) Osei Tutu conquered the people and told them his rule came from heaven and people were linked by spiritual bonds Traded slaves for guns

The Oyo Empire Leader used wealth from slave trade and made an army that conquered kingdom of dahomey The empire also with european merchants.

The european presence expans British, Duct, French traders overpowered portuguese forts.

By the mid 1600s british and fench had arived to present day senegal, 1788

__**Blood Diamond - Slave Trade**__ Article

Europeans used africans to illegally smuggle diamonds.

__**Conquest In The Americas**__

In 1942, christopher columbus landed in the caribbean Christopher Culmbus interacted with the native, then conquered and killed them. The tainos were the natives of the caribs A wave of spanish conqueres arrived in america and settled in the island of hispanoila. Spanish had advantages: Native population decreased 90%
 * Horses and carriage
 * Diseases

The spanish explorers studied the coast of americas Cortes was one of the earliest conquistadoes he was a landowner in cuba. He heard of spanish journeys, Malinche and Cortes created an alliance and aought off aztecs Malinche was an indian woman who had conquered before

Moctezuma : thought pale skin stranger might have been Quetzalcoatl, so he sent gifts and other goods, but cortes was not turning back.

Tenochtitlan falls to spanish: Moctezuma welcomed cotes, the relationship between azec and spanish began to strain, spanyards tried to convert the aztecs to christiany, imprisoned moctenzuma, and cortez gained power. A new spanish conquere would come to challenge cortes Multifarious groups of aztecs drove out spanish. in 1521 cortes retreated, His indians captures and demolished teno.

Pizarro was intrested in perus inca empire, he arrive in peru after atahualpa in 1532 Pizzarro killed 10 of thousands of incas with the indians help, he was later killed by a rival spanish faction, after establishing the city of Lima. Held atuhualpa for ransom then killed him.

__**ACTIVITIES**__
 * 1) When fernando cortes first arrived at tenochtitlan he first treated the people kindly, but after a few strained encounters with the natives. Cortes captured montezuma and foreced him to sign over his land to the spanish. After another faction lead by Velasquez entered the two spanish began to fight and eventually the aztecs drove them out the city. Cortes killed all of the aztecs and build tenochtitland over mexico city (eventually). - Population decline.
 * 2) Both cortes and pizarro captured the leaders of the native land and held them in captivity. Pizarro held Atahualpa for ransom, whilst cortes captured moctezuma.
 * 3) The short term effects were they all died a quick death if the spanyards themselves did not kill the indians then other small groups did and also disease. The long term effects are slavery, it affected the mexican culture because a whole empire/city was lost to a conquistador.


 * November 29, 2010**


 * The Colombian Exchange**
 * 1. By exploring the Europeans realized which countries needed what, what did best where, and how different places functioned.This lead to the widespread trading of animals, plants etc.**
 * 2. The commercial revolution is the expansion of trade and business.**
 * 3.**


 * December 7, 2010**

Zachs Topics **SPANISH EMPIRE GROWS**
 * Ruling The Hapsburg Empire**
 * Charles V abdicates**
 * Philip II Solidifies Power**
 * Battles in The Mediterranean and the Netherlands**
 * The Armada Sails Against England**
 * An Empire Declines**
 * Spain's Golden Age**

Please complete the following evaluation of the Great Person visiting the classroom today:


 * Report Card for Great Individuals **

Elizabeth I (1) || Below Average (2) || Average (3) || Above Average (4) || Outstanding (5) || King Philip Of Spain (1) || Below Average (2) || Average (3) || Above Average (4) || Outstanding (5) ||
 * || Poor
 * Charisma ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Intelligence ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Determination ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Ability to Problem-Solve ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Decision-Making Ability ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Describe the person's leadership style ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Significance to others ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Evidence of Achievements ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Relevance to Contemporary History ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 40 ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 40 ||
 * || Poor
 * Charisma ||  ||   ||   || 4 ||   ||
 * Intelligence ||  ||   || 3 ||   ||   ||
 * Determination ||  ||   ||   ||   || 5 ||
 * Ability to Problem-Solve ||  ||   ||   || 4 ||   ||
 * Decision-Making Ability ||  ||   ||   || 4 ||   ||
 * Describe the person's leadership style ||  ||   || 3 ||   ||   ||
 * Significance to others ||  ||   ||   || 4 ||   ||
 * Evidence of Achievements ||  ||   ||   ||   || 5 ||
 * Relevance to Contemporary History ||  ||   || 3 ||   ||   ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: || 35 ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: || 35 ||

Comments (write a paragraph):

_

1) Report Card for Great Individuals (1) || Below Average  (2) || Average  (3) || Above Average  (4) || Outstanding  (5) ||
 * || Poor
 * Charisma ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Intelligence ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Determination ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Ability to Problem-Solve ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Decision-Making Ability ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Describe the person's leadership style ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Significance to others ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Evidence of Achievements ||  || X ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Relevance to Contemporary History ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 29 ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 29 ||

Catherine The Great

(1) || Below Average (2) || Average (3) || Above Average (4) || Outstanding (5) ||
 * || Poor
 * Charisma ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Intelligence ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Determination ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Ability to Problem-Solve ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Decision-Making Ability ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Describe the person's leadership style ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Significance to others ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Evidence of Achievements ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Relevance to Contemporary History ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 29 ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 29 ||

Thomas Hobbs (1) || Below Average (2) || Average (3) || Above Average (4) || Outstanding (5) ||
 * || Poor
 * Charisma ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Intelligence ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Determination ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Ability to Problem-Solve ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Decision-Making Ability ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Describe the person's leadership style ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Significance to others ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Evidence of Achievements ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Relevance to Contemporary History ||  ||   ||   || x ||   ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 34 ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 34 ||

John Locke

(1) || Below Average (2) || Average (3) || Above Average (4) || Outstanding (5) || __**Birth of America and Spreading of The Word Revolution**__
 * || Poor
 * Charisma ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Intelligence ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Determination ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Ability to Problem-Solve ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Decision-Making Ability ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Describe the person's leadership style ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Significance to others ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Evidence of Achievements ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Relevance to Contemporary History ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 38 ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 38 ||

Thomas Jefferson (1) || Below Average (2) || Average (3) || Above Average (4) || Outstanding (5) ||
 * || Poor
 * Charisma ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Intelligence ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Determination ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Ability to Problem-Solve ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Decision-Making Ability ||  ||   || X ||   ||   ||
 * Describe the person's leadership style ||  ||   ||   || X ||   ||
 * Significance to others ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Evidence of Achievements ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Relevance to Contemporary History ||  ||   ||   ||   || X ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 41 ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score: 41 ||